Present Tense

What is Present Tense in English?

Present tense in English refers to the verb form that expresses what is happening now. It is used to describe actions that are currently taking place, habitual actions, thoughts, and feelings. For example, "I eat breakfast every day" is in the present tense because it describes a habitual action that occurs regularly.

 

Types of Present Tenses

There are four kinds of present tense in English: simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous.

 

Simple Present Tense

The simple present tense is used for general truths, habitual actions, and permanent situations. So, "The sun rises in the east" is in the simple present tense because it is a general truth.

The formula for Simple Present is

Subject + Verb. For example, "He eats lunch."

Subject + V1 + s/es + Object 


Affirmative

Subject + V1 + s/es + Object

Subject + V1 + Object 


Negative

 Subject + does not + V1 + Object

 Subject + do not + V1 + Object

 

Interrogative

 Does + Subject + V1 + object?

 Do + Subject + V1 + object?


Present Continuous Tense

The present continuous tense helps describe actions that are currently happening or in progress. For example, "I am writing an article" is in the present continuous tense because it describes an action that is currently happening.

The formula for Present Continuous is

Subject + Auxiliary Verb “be” + Present Participle. For example, "She is running."

 

 

Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense helps describe actions that have been completed in the recent past and have a connection to the present. For example, "I have eaten breakfast" is in the present perfect tense because it describes a completed action that has a connection to the present.

The formula for Present Perfect is

Subject + Auxiliary Verb “have” + Past Participle. For example, "She has finished."

 

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

The present perfect continuous tense helps describe actions that started in the past and are still ongoing in the present. For example, "I have been writing this article for an hour" is in the present perfect continuous tense because it describes an action that started in the past and is still occurring in the present.

The formula for Present Perfect Continuous is

Subject + Auxiliary Verb “have” + Been + Present Participle. For example, "She has been studying."


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